Oldham is a large town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies amongst the Pennines on elevated ground between the rivers Irk and Medlock, 6.9 miles (11.1 km) northeast of the city of Manchester, and 5.3 miles (8.5 km) south-southeast of Rochdale. Oldham is surrounded by several smaller settlements which together form the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, of which Oldham is the administrative centre. Historically a part of Lancashire, and with little early history to speak of, Oldham rose to prominence during the 19th century as an international centre of textile manufacture. It was a boomtown of the Industrial Revolution, and amongst the first ever industrialised towns, rapidly becoming "one of the most important centres of cotton and textile industries in England". At its zenith, it was the most productive cotton spinning mill town in the world. Oldham's textile industry began to fall into decline during the mid-20th century, and its last mill closed in 1998. The demise of textile processing in Oldham caused a local economic depression. Today, Oldham is a predominantly residential town, although it is still distinguished architecturally by the surviving cotton mills and other buildings associated with its former industry. The town has a population of 103,544, and an area of around 26 square miles (67 km²). It is a centre for further education, and the performing arts. More on Oldham